縫(feng)紉就是把(ba)衣片縫(feng)合成服裝(zhuang)的工藝(yi)。可分為手縫(feng)工藝(yi)、機(ji)縫(feng)工藝(yi)、特殊工藝(yi)等。

　　手縫工藝

　　采(cai)用(yong)手針(zhen)(zhen)進行縫制的工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。是(shi)中國的傳統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)技藝。很多針(zhen)(zhen)法(fa)及其作(zuo)用(yong)尚不能用(yong)現代(dai)縫紉(ren)機替代(dai)。具(ju)有線跡(ji)精細、平整，針(zhen)(zhen)法(fa)豐富(fu)等(deng)特點(dian)，被譽為高檔工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。　手縫工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的主(zhu)要工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)是(shi)手縫針(zhen)(zhen)和(he)頂針(zhen)(zhen)箍。絲綢等(deng)纖(xian)維(wei)較細的織物宜(yi)(yi)用(yong)7～9號針(zhen)(zhen);鎖眼釘紐宜(yi)(yi)用(yong)4～5號針(zhen)(zhen)，一般毛料則用(yong)粗細適中的6～8號針(zhen)(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機進行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)工(gong)藝。具(ju)有(you)(you)針(zhen)跡(ji)(ji)整齊、工(gong)效高等(deng)(deng)優(you)點。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝有(you)(you)以(yi)下(xia)幾種。①合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)組(zu)合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)暗(an)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)組(zu)合(he)或(huo)袋蓋、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領、袖頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)三邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)的(de)翻轉部件。②包(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以(yi)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)邊(bian)(bian)包(bao)住另一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，再(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)第二(er)或(huo)第三次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。有(you)(you)明包(bao)，暗(an)包(bao)之(zhi)別。一(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)布(bu)服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)不(bu)鎖邊(bian)(bian)的(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)。③咬(yao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上(shang)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)咬(yao)住中間一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)，正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)明線。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭(tou)、腰頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)。④騎(qi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(不(bu)疊(die)(die)起)，在(zai)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)W狀(zhuang)線跡(ji)(ji)，使兩塊(kuai)布(bu)互相牽牢。一(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高檔服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)襯(chen)布(bu)拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)和收(shou)顙(sang)。⑤平接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，互為銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)部件等(deng)(deng)。⑥平疊(die)(die)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊(kuai)織物縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)重疊(die)(die)，居中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)襯(chen)布(bu)拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)和收(shou)顙(sang)等(deng)(deng)。⑦來去(qu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將兩塊(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)疊(die)(die)合(he)，先沿(yan)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再(zai)在(zai)反面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)闊(kuo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)。⑧分緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)疊(die)(die)合(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分開，兩邊(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)道明線。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)易折轉的(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮(pi)革)或(huo)線跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等(deng)(deng)。⑨坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)傾倒，正(zheng)面(mian)作(zuo)(zuo)第二(er)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)固(gu)(gu)定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)或(huo)線跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分坐緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)先合(he)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，將緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分開，在(zai)分縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)道明線。服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加工(gong)中多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)布(bu)服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)前袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后(hou)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)。壓緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)折光，覆蓋下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)，一(yi)(yi)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成型。多用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前后(hou)過肩(jian)或(huo)呈圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)(deng)部件的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。漏落縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線漏落于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽(cao)內或(huo)緊挨坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)沿(yan)，既能(neng)使線跡(ji)(ji)暗(an)藏(zang)，又能(neng)固(gu)(gu)定下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腰頭(tou)、里襟等(deng)(deng)。卷邊(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)卷邊(bian)(bian)壓腳或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)指將衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)卷光。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里的(de)下(xia)口(kou)(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)。倒回(hui)針(zhen)：在(zai)原(yuan)線跡(ji)(ji)上(shang)往返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)始(shi)末(mo)加固(gu)(gu)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻(pan)等(deng)(deng)。

　　現(xian)代(dai)服裝加工(gong)的主要機(ji)縫設備(bei)，除高(gao)速平縫縫紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(簡(jian)稱平縫機(ji))外(wai)，還有多(duo)(duo)針多(duo)(duo)線包縫縫紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(簡(jian)稱包縫機(ji))以(yi)及(ji)取(qu)代(dai)手工(gong)的開袋、鎖(suo)眼(yan)、釘扣、扎(zha)駁(bo)、復襯(衣面與衣襯組合)、裝袖、裝褲腰(yao)、打褶等各(ge)種專用單機(ji)，并(bing)有多(duo)(duo)功能自動調速固(gu)體電路電子縫紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)問世。20世紀80年代(dai)，較先進的機(ji)縫設備(bei)是自動縫紉(ren)(ren)系統，采用工(gong)業攝像機(ji)和電子計算機(ji)監(jian)控(kong)，能自動識別裁片(pian)的樣式(shi)，傳送并(bing)進行自動分類控(kong)制。